Microsoft Excel is a proprietary commercial spreadsheet application written and distributed by Microsoft for Microsoft Windows and Mac OS X. It features calculation, graphing tools, pivot tables, and a macro programming language called Visual Basic for Applications. wikipedia.org

R is a programming language and software environment for statistical computing and graphics. The R language is widely used among statisticians for developing statistical software, and R is widely used for statistical software development and data analysis. wikipedia.org

Data is information in a form suitable for use with a computer. Data is often distinguished from programs. A program is a sequence of instructions that detail a task for the computer to perform. wikipedia.org

Stata is a general-purpose statistical software package created in 1985 by StataCorp. Its capabilities includes data management, statistical analysis, graphics, simulations, and custom programming. wikipedia.org

Writing in these forms or styles is usually written in an impersonal and dispassionate tone, targeted for a critical and informed audience, based on closely investigated knowledge, and intended to reinforce or challenge concepts or arguments. wikipedia.org

SurveyMonkey is a private American company that enables users to create their own web-survey, using free and enhanced paid products and services. wikipedia.org

The use of statistical and mathematical techniques to analyze data. wikipedia.org

Biostatistics (a contraction of biology and statistics; sometimes referred to as biometry or biometrics) is the application of statistics to a wide range of topics in biology. wikipedia.org

"Qualitative researchers aim to gather an in-depth understanding of human behavior and the reasons that govern such behavior. The qualitative method investigates the why and how of decision making, not just what, where, when. Hence, smaller but focused samples are more often used than large samples." wikipedia.org

Analysis of data is a process of inspecting, cleaning, transforming, and modeling data with the goal of highlighting useful information, suggesting conclusions, and supporting decision making. wikipedia.org

Statistics is the study of the collection, organization, analysis, and interpretation of data. It deals with all aspects of this, including the planning of data collection in terms of the design of surveys and experiments. wikipedia.org

A research paper is an academic work that is usually published in an academic journal. It contains original research results or reviews existing results. wikipedia.org