PHP is a general-purpose server-side scripting language originally designed for web development to produce dynamic web pages. wikipedia.org

Java is a programming language and a core component of Oracle Corporation's Java Platform. The language derives much of its syntax from C and C++ but has a simpler object model and fewer low-level facilities. wikipedia.org

C# (pronounced see sharp) is a multi-paradigm programming language encompassing strong typing, imperative, declarative, functional, generic, object-oriented (class-based), and component-oriented programming disciplines. wikipedia.org

Python is a general-purpose, high-level programming language whose design philosophy emphasizes code readability. Python claims to combine "remarkable power with very clear syntax", and its standard library is large and comprehensive. wikipedia.org

Agile software development is a group of software development methods based on iterative and incremental development, where requirements and solutions evolve through collaboration between self-organizing, cross-functional teams. wikipedia.org

Test-driven development (TDD) is a software development process that relies on the repetition of a very short development cycle: first the developer writes a failing automated test case that defines a desired improvement or new function, then produces code to pass that test and finally refactors

Scrum is an iterative, incremental framework for project management often seen in agile software development, a type of software engineering. wikipedia.org