Data extraction is the act or process of retrieving data out of (usually unstructured or poorly structured) data sources for further data processing or data storage (data migration).

Data scraping is a technique in which a computer program extracts data from human-readable output coming from another program. wikipedia.org

Capture data from any documents, from structured forms and surveys to unstructured text-heavy papers.

Automation or automatic control, is the use of various control systems for operating equipment such as machinery, processes in factories, boilers and heat treating ovens, switching in telephone networks, steering and stabilization of ships, aircraft and other applications with minimal or reduced human intervention. wikipedia.org